Add 1.27 to supported k3s versions

Issue created from gitlab-org/gitlab#406711 (closed)

Proposal

Update k3s versions

• Add v1.27.0-k3s1
• Remove v1.22.xx-k3s1
• Update patches for v1.23.xx to v1.26.xx

Example MR: !23 (merged)

References

• https://kubernetes.io/blog/2023/04/11/kubernetes-v1-27-release/
• https://kubernetes.io/blog/2023/03/17/upcoming-changes-in-kubernetes-v1-27/