Backend: Update the releases logic in catalog resources to use the Version association

Summary

The following discussion from #429279 (comment 1620838016) should be addressed.

@fabiopitino: The GraphQL ResourceType#versions and latest_version currently return a Types::ReleaseType because that's what we have until we create records in catalog_resource_versions table. At that point we should only pull data from Catalog::Resource#versions association and not releases.

I'm noticing actually that we have versions and latest_version methods in Catalog::Resource that return releases. These need to be changed to use the association. The has_many :versions association I think is not currently used because the versions method overrides that.

@lma-git: Yes, as far as I'm aware, the intention was to convert Release to Version after we established catalog_resource_versions and related processes. I think the conversion needs to be a VerifyP1 issue that follows Backend: Scan a catalog resource for components (#415413 - closed), if it's not already created. cc @lauraX @avielle

We'll likely need to do something like the Release.latest_for_projects query for the Version model. This query is efficient because we provide a set # of projects and only return 1 release per project.

However, with Versions, we'll inevitably have to join catalog_resource_versions with releases, and I think we'll face the same query performance problems as we have with joining catalog_resources and projects.

Proposal

• Update the releases logic in the Ci::Catalog::Resource model to use the Versions association.
• Update the Ci::Catalog::Resources::Version model so that it has similar methods as the Release model, adapted for Versions.
• Update the resolver logic for the GraphQl fields versions and latest_versions in ResourceType to use Versions. (This will likely involve creating a new Ci::Catalog::Resources::VersionsFinder finder class.)
• Update InstancePath to use the latest Version if the project is a catalog resource.

MR Implementation

Description	MR
Add CI catalog resource VersionsFinder and upda... (!135669 - merged)	!135669 (merged)
Update ResourceType version fields to use Versi... (!136081 - merged)	!136081 (merged)
Update component InstancePath to use latest Ver... (!136083 - merged)	!136083 (merged)