Update Go versions

What does this MR do and why?

• Update Go 1.23.0 to 1.23.1
• Update Go 1.22.6 to 1.22.7
• Update FIPS Go from 1.22.5-1 to 1.22.5-3 (There is no 1.22.6/.7 yet)

Checklist

• (If applicable) Add patches if required for upgrading Ruby version in https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-build-images/-/tree/master/patches/ruby.