Add storybook story for circular progress bar

What does this MR do and why?

Add storybook story for circular progress bar

Screenshots or screen recordings

How to set up and validate locally

• Run storybook locally
• Visit http://localhost:9002/?path=/story/ee-vue-shared-components-circular-progress-bar--default

MR acceptance checklist

This checklist encourages us to confirm any changes have been analyzed to reduce risks in quality, performance, reliability, security, and maintainability.

• I have evaluated the MR acceptance checklist for this MR.

Related to #431573 (closed)