Draft: Reintroduce db:docs-lint in CI

What does this MR do and why?

Reapply "Merge branch 'db-docs-lint' into 'master'"

This reverts commit bd625495.

The previous MR !166060 (merged) was reverted because the db:docs-up-to-date job (now renamed to db:docs-lint in this MR) was failing in the FOSS pipelines: gitlab-org/quality/engineering-productivity/master-broken-incidents#8497 (closed). This MR reintroduces the reverted changes from the previous MR and also adds the db:docs-lint job to run in the as-if-foss-pipeline.

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