Allow filtering metrics with custom properties

What does this MR do and why?

Related to #474804

We want to make it possible to filter custom properties [not just label, property and value] in the metric definitions. This MR adds this functionality and a test metric that we can later use to verify everything is working correctly on production.

MR acceptance checklist

Please evaluate this MR against the MR acceptance checklist. It helps you analyze changes to reduce risks in quality, performance, reliability, security, and maintainability.

Screenshots or screen recordings

Screenshots are required for UI changes, and strongly recommended for all other merge requests.

Before	After

How to set up and validate locally

The new metric can be used to test these changes:

1. Trigger the event that would pass metric's filter twice, for example by running in the Rails console: Gitlab::InternalEvents.track_event('cvs_on_sbom_change', additional_properties: { known_affected_sbom_occurrences: 0 }); Gitlab::InternalEvents.track_event('cvs_on_sbom_change', additional_properties: { label: 'aa', value: 12, known_affected_sbom_occurrences: 0 })
2. Trigger some noise events - ones that should not increment the metric counter: Gitlab::InternalEvents.track_event('cvs_on_sbom_change', additional_properties: { value: 1, known_affected_sbom_occurrences: 1 }); Gitlab::InternalEvents.track_event('cvs_on_sbom_change', additional_properties: { value: 1 }); Gitlab::InternalEvents.track_event('i_search_total', additional_properties: { label: '1' })
3. Calculate the metric for the next week [as we always calculate metrics using last week's data]: require 'active_support/testing/time_helpers'; include ::ActiveSupport::Testing::TimeHelpers; sp = travel_to(Date.today + 7.days) { Gitlab::Usage::ServicePing::InstrumentedPayload.new(%w[counts.count_total_cvs_on_sbom_change_with_extra_filters_weekly], :with_value).build } . This should return a hash with a value equal to 2.

We also need to test the cli changes. To do that, run ./scripts/internal_events/cli.rb and define an event/metric that includes additional property filters.