Align component version processing with omnibus

What does this MR do?

When we tag a release component version files are copied from GitLab repository to Omnibus repository.

However, the 2 processes do not parse the file in the same way.

This commit ports omnibus logic into gitlab task_helpers

This is blocking gitlab-com/gl-infra/delivery#516 (closed), where we aim to auto-deploy components, but the current implementation prevents us to use a SHA in GITALY_SERVER_VERSION

Fixes #34873 (closed)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

Conformity

• Changelog entry
• Documentation created/updated or follow-up review issue created
• Code review guidelines
• Merge request performance guidelines
• Style guides
• Database guides
• Separation of EE specific content

Availability and Testing

• Review and add/update tests for this feature/bug. Consider all test levels. See the Test Planning Process.
• Tested in all supported browsers

Security

If this MR contains changes to processing or storing of credentials or tokens, authorization and authentication methods and other items described in the security review guidelines:

• Label as security and @ mention @gitlab-com/gl-security/appsec
• The MR includes necessary changes to maintain consistency between UI, API, email, or other methods
• Security reports checked/validated by a reviewer from the AppSec team