Add popover to experiment badge

What does this MR do and why?

Adds a popover to the experiment badge in GitLab Duo chat.

Screenshots or screen recordings

How to set up and validate locally

Numbered steps to set up and validate the change are strongly suggested.

MR acceptance checklist

This checklist encourages us to confirm any changes have been analyzed to reduce risks in quality, performance, reliability, security, and maintainability.

• I have evaluated the MR acceptance checklist for this MR.

Related to #419288 (closed)